Sleep quality in nurses working in different shifts

The nursing staff who are working at hospitals with a shift-work scheduling might confront with sleep disorders related to the characteristics of nursing profession. The results of studies have ruled out the close relationship between life quality and health. It must be mentioned that the quality of life is affected by sleep pattern. The aim of this study was investigating sleep quality in nurses working in different shifts at hospitals affiliated to Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. A cross sectional study was conducted on 299 nurses who were working at general hospitals of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences in 2008. Pittsburgh sleep quality index was utilized to collect data. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 17. susing Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis tests and Spearman correlation coefficient. The subjects were consist of 66 men (22.1%) and 233 women (77.9%) whit age mean 31.6± 6.6 years. The mean of work experience was 7.55± 6.8 years. The findings of study showed that sleep quality were suitable in only 55(17.1%) of nurses but 221(73.9%) of nurses have not sleepiness. The quality of life was high among only 32(10.7%) of nurses. In this study, quality of life has a relationship with sleep quality (P=.001, r=-.572) and sleepiness (P=.001, r=-.246). The sleep quality was related with gender, age, monthly income, disease, marital status and type of insurance. Also, the sleepiness was related to marital status and life quality was related to monthly income, disease, marital status and type of insurance P<0.05). This study showed that sleep quality is not suitable among nurses. Also, in this study the sleep pattern was related to quality of life, so lack of enough and suitable sleep will affected the quality of life, in turn, provided health care by nurses to patients and attendance would not be fair. Correcting and modification the sleep quality among nurses is very important. © 2015

The Effectiveness of Self-regulated Couple Therapy on Intimacy and Marital Adjustment of Couples with Marital Problems

Background and Aim:A marital relationship forms the family, and its continuity and survival depend on the marital relationship's continuation and survival. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Self-regulated couple therapy on intimacy and marital adjustment of couples with marital problems. Materials and Methods:The present study was an applied and quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all couples referred to counseling clinics in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 couples referred to counseling clinics in district 1 of Tehran, selected by convenience sampling method. The data were collected through the marital intimacy scale and marital adjustment questionnaire. Data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance and SPSS.22 software. Results:The results showed that self-regulated couple therapy was effective in increasing intimacy (P&lt;0.001) and marital adjustment (P&lt;0.001) of couples with marital problems. Conclusion:Considering that self-regulated couple therapy promotes husband-wife relationships, as a result, its training improves couple relationships and consequently brings adjustment to couples. The couple's communication program has helped incompatible couples to continue their marital relationships again and increase their problem-solving skills to work on their problems in a constructive way

Equilibrium and synthetic studies of methylene blue dye removal using ash of walnut shell

Background and Aims: Wastewater treatment and color removal is always one of the most important measures to control pollution from industrial effluents especially in the textile and dyeing industry. This industry is one of the largest producers of organic compounds and color. For this reason, their treatment conditions are complicated and difficult. This study investigates the efficacy of ash produced from walnut shell as a natural adsorbent in color removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions in the experimental condition.Materials and Methods: At present study, effect of various operating parameters such as pH (2-13), reaction time (30-250 min), amount of adsorbent dosage (0.2-5 g/l) and initial concentration of dye (25-250 mg/l) on color removal from synthetic wastewater were studied. Also the adsorption behavior of dyes by isotherms of Freundlich and Langmuir and synthetic of adsorption were conducted using excel program and regression coefficient.Results: Maximum removal efficiency of methylene blue (93.25%) were achieved at optimal pH 10, reaction time 150 min, adsorbent dosage 3 g/l and initial dye concentration 100 mg/l. Data of this study was fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and more fitted with Freundlich (R=0.8500). Also, kinetic adsorption study showed that for initial dye concentrations 100, 150 and 200 mg/l, pseudo-second order kinetic is more favorable (R2=0.9900).Conclusion: More than 90% removal efficiency for MB dye showed that this adsorbent is an effective natural compound and also inexpensive for treatment processes. Hence, using this technique and process was recommended for dye pollutants removal from aqueous environments.Key words: Walnut, methylene blue dye, adsorption kinetics, equilibrium isother

Evaluation of the mechanical and physical properties of particleboard manufactured from canola (Brassica napus) straws

This study examined possible feasibility of canola (Brassica napus) straws in the production of particleboard. Three-layer experimental particleboards with density 0,7 g/cm3 were manufactured using different canola straws particle ratios (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) and urea formaldehyde(UF) adhesive. Modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bond strength (IB), water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TS) properties of the boards were evaluatedand a statistical analysis was performed in order to examine possible feasibility of these straws in commercial particleboard manufacturing. The results indicated that, the addition of canola straws particle significantly improved modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity of the panels and greatly reduced their internal bonding. Overall findings showed that most panels made from above-mentioned materials exceed the EN Standards for MOR, MOE and IB. Also, the water absorption and thicknessswelling increased with increasing canola straws content in the panels. The experimental results have shown that production of general purpose and furniture grade particleboard used in dry conditions using canola straws is technically viable. The results of the study demonstrate that canola straws can be an alternative raw material source for particleboard industry

Preparation and characterization of nanofibrillated cellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol) composite films

Poly (vinyl alcohol) based composite films with different loadings of cellulose nanofibrils were prepared using a solvent casting method and their tensile, optical and wettability properties were tested. The morphology of both neat poly (vinyl alcohol) and nanocomposites was explored by using a field emission scanning electron microscope technique. Results indicated that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of poly (vinyl alcohol) composite films were significantly improved with the increase of cellulose nanofibrils loading. However, the percentage of elongation at break decreased with increasing of cellulose nanofibrils. The films became increasingly opaque with increasing cellulose nanofibrils contents, although the composites also retained moderate transparency. The samples containing cellulose nanofibrils exhibited higher hydrophobicity compared with that of neat poly (vinyl alcohol). Field emission scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed that the cellulose nanofibrils were homogeneously dispersed in the poly (vinyl alcohol) matrix

Association between dietary glycemic index and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveManaging dietary glycemic index (GI) deserves further attention in the interplay between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between dietary GI and the odds of NAFLD in patients with T2DM.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out between April 2021 and February 2022, including 200 participants with T2DM aged 18-70 years, of which 133 had NAFLD and 67 were in the non-NAFLD group. Cardiometabolic parameters were analyzed using standard biochemical kits and dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was applied to explore odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD according to tertiles of dietary GI.ResultsHighest vs. lowest tertile (&lt; 57 vs. &gt; 60.89) of energy-adjusted GI was not associated with the odds of having NAFLD (OR 1.25, 95% CI = 0.6-2.57; P-trend = 0.54) in the crude model. However, there was an OR of 3.24 (95% CI = 1.03-10.15) accompanied by a significant trend (P-trend = 0.04) after full control for potential confounders (age, gender, smoking status, duration of diabetes, physical activity, waist circumference, HbA1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, dietary intake of total carbohydrates, simple carbohydrates, fat, and protein).ConclusionHigh dietary GI is associated with increased odds of NAFLD in subjects with T2DM. However, interventional and longitudinal cohort studies are required to confirm these findings

Mechanistic study to investigate the effects of different gas injection scenarios on the rate of asphaltene deposition: An experimental approach

Asphaltene deposition during enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes is one of the most problematic challenges in the petroleum industry, potentially resulting in flow blockage. Our understanding of the deposition mechanism with emphasis on the rate of the asphaltene deposition is still in its infancy and must be developed through a range of experiments and modelling studies. This study aims to investigate the rate of asphaltene deposition through a visual study under different gas injection scenarios. To visualise the asphaltene deposition, a high-pressure setup was designed and constructed, which enables us to record high-quality images of the deposition process over time. Present research compares the effects of nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) on the rate of asphaltene deposition at different pressures. The experimental results in the absence of gas injection revealed that the rate of asphaltene deposition increases at higher pressures. The results showed that the rate of asphaltene deposition in the case of CO2 injection is 1.2 times faster than CH4 injection at 100 bar pressure. However, N2 injection has less effect on the deposition rate. Finally, it has been concluded that the injection of CO2 leads to more asphaltene deposition in comparison with CH4 and N2. Moreover, the experimental results confirmed that gas injection affects the mechanism of asphaltene flocculation and leads to the formation of bigger flocculated asphaltene particles. The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the mechanism of the asphaltene deposition during different gas-EOR processes